06ML62 MEDICAL PHYSICS

VICEVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

06ML62 MEDICAL PHYSICS

Part - A

Unit - 1

Basics of the Body: Anatomical Terminology, Motion in the Human Machine, The Standard Human, Scaling Relationships, Allometric Rules, Scaling in the Senses. Review of Forces, Torques, and Equilibrium, Statics in the Body, The Lower Arm, Hip Problems, Statics of Other Synovial Joints, Lower Back Problems, Three-Force Rule, Multisegment Modeling, The Sense of Touch, Diversion into the Units of Force and Pressure, Force, Pressure.

7 Hours

Unit - 2

Mechanical Properties of the Body: Material Components of the Body, Bone, Ligaments and Tendons, Cartilage, Elastic Properties. Basic Stress–Strain Relationships, Other Stress–Strain Relations, Bone Shortening, Energy Storage in Elastic Media, Time-Independent Deviations in Hookean Materials, Non-Hookean Materials, Static Equilibrium of Deformable Bodie, Bending of a Beam (or Bone, Time-Dependent Deviations from Elastic Behavior)

6 Hours

Unit - 3

Metabolism: Energy, Heat, Work, and Power of the Body. Conservation of Energy and Heat Flow. Energy Content of Body Fuel, Metabolizable Energy and Energy Storage, Energy Storage Molecules, How ATP is Produced and Used as an Energy Source, How ATP is Actually Used by the Body, Metabolic Rates, Basal Metabolic Rate, Metabolic Rates during Common Activities, Weight Gain and Loss, Loss of Body Heat, Modes of Heat Loss, Body Temperature.

6 Hours

Unit - 4

Fluid Pressure, Fluid Flow in the Body, and Motion in Fluids:Characteristic Pressures in the Body, Definition and Units, Measuring Pressure, Basic Physics of Pressure and Flow of Fluids, Law of Laplace, Fluids in Motion, Equation of Continuity, Bernoulli’s Equation, Interactions among the Flow Parameters, Viscous Flow and Poiseuille’s Law, Diffusion, Pressure and Flow in the Body, Motion of Humans in Fluids, Swimming, Human Flight.

7 Hours

Part - B

Units - 5 & 6

Cardiovascular System : Physics of the Circulation System, Properties of Blood, Blood Pressure and Flow in Vessels, Capillaries and Osmotic Pressure, Blood Flow Rates and Speeds, Consequences of Clogged Arteries, Work Done by the Heart and the Metabolic Needs of the Heart. Strokes and Aneurysms, Arterial Bifurcations and Saccular Aneurysms, Stenosis and Ischemic Strokes, Equation of Motion of Arteries and Aneurysms during Pulsatile Flow, Modeling the Circulatory System and the Heart, Model of the Heart, Model of the overall Flow in the Circulatory System, The Arterial Pulse, Windkessel Mode, Modeling the Malfunctioning Heart.

12 Hours

Unit 7

Lungs and Breathing: Structure of the Lungs. The Physics of the Alveoli, Physics of Breathing, Volume of the Lungs, Breathing Under Usual and Unusual Conditions, Flow of Air During Breathing, Mechanical Model of Breathing and Model Parameters, Inspiration/Expiration Cycle, Breathing with a Diseased Lung, Breathing at Higher Elevations, Work Needed to Breathe.

7 Hours

Unit - 8

Electrical and Magnetic Properties: Review of Electrical Properties, Electrical Properties of Body Tissues, Electrical Conduction through Blood and Tissues, Nerve Conduction, Cell Membranes and Ion Distributions, Types of Cell Membrane Excitations, Model of Electrical Conduction along an Axon, Ion Channels, Hair Cells, Balance, Taste, and Smell, Electrical Properties of the Heart, Electrical Signals in the Brain, Effects of Electric Shock, Magnetic Properties, Magnetic Field from an Axon, Magnetic Sense, Electromagnetic Waves. Regulation of the Body Temperature, Control of Blood Pressure, Regulation During Exercise

7 Hours

Text book:

1. Physics of the Human Body- Herman I.P., Springer

Reference Book:

1. Medical Physics-John R. Cameron, James G. Skofronick, 1978.

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